The rise in global inflation has become one of the main issues in the world economy, affecting many aspects of daily life. Inflation refers to an increase in the prices of goods and services over a certain period of time, which reduces people’s purchasing power. The main causes of current global inflation include supply disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, rising energy prices and geopolitical uncertainty. One of the most obvious impacts of inflation is the increase in the cost of living. Many countries are experiencing spikes in food and energy prices, which are eroding people’s incomes. In this context, low-income families are the hardest hit, because their expenditure on basic needs tends to be much greater than that of those with high incomes. The impact of inflation is also felt in the labor market. Companies that are forced to increase salaries to meet employee demands may experience difficulty in controlling production costs. This can trigger unemployment if companies cannot adjust the prices of the goods and services they offer. Global inflation also influences monetary policy in various countries. Central banks, such as the Federal Reserve in the US and the European Central Bank, try to control inflation by raising interest rates. However, this move risks suppressing economic growth, as higher borrowing costs could reduce consumer spending and business investment. The impact of inflation is not only limited to the macro economy, but also affects investment. Investors tend to look for instruments that can protect against inflation, such as physical assets or shares of competitive companies. Stocks in certain sectors, such as energy and staples, may see better growth during periods of high inflation. International trade is also affected by global inflation. Countries experiencing high inflation may see their currency exchange rates decline, which can make exporting and importing difficult. Rising costs of imported goods will reduce the competitiveness of local products, while other countries can take advantage of a stronger currency position. Inflation is a structural problem that requires serious attention from policy makers. To overcome inflation, countries need to take a balanced approach between maintaining economic growth and stabilizing prices. International collaboration is key, as inflation often has cross-border impacts. In the context of sustainability, inflation can also affect green initiatives. Rising energy costs may slow the transition to renewable energy, as investment in green infrastructure may be constrained. On the other hand, rising commodity prices can accelerate the adoption of efficient technologies. With so many variables involved, there is a need for continuous monitoring and strategic adjustments to address inflation. The increase in global inflation does create challenges, but it also opens up new opportunities for innovation and improvement in the world economic system.