International Trade: Challenges and Opportunities in the Era of Globalization International trade is a key element in the global economy which continues to develop rapidly. In this era of globalization, countries are increasingly connected to each other, allowing for a more efficient exchange of goods and services. However, behind the great opportunities offered, there are a number of challenges that must be faced. One of the main challenges is the difference in regulations between countries. Each country has different trade policies, including tariffs and non-tariffs that can hinder the flow of goods. For example, countries with high protection for domestic industries often impose high tariffs on imported products. This creates significant barriers for foreign companies to enter the local market. Apart from regulations, cultural factors also play an important role in international trade. Differences in language, customs and consumer preferences can be a barrier. Companies that want to succeed in foreign markets must be able to adapt their products and marketing strategies to local values. This approach requires in-depth market research and is often expensive. Political crises and instability can also have a negative impact on international trade. Uncertain political situations often create risks for investors and producers. For example, military conflicts, international sanctions, or election uncertainty can disrupt trade flows and influence investment decisions. In situations like this, traders will be more careful in exploring new markets. However, despite the many challenges, there are various opportunities that can be exploited. Globalization has opened access to wider markets, allowing companies to reach consumers all over the world. The development of digital technology has also contributed to the increase in online commerce, making cross-border transactions easier at lower costs. Companies that adapt to technology trends and understand global market dynamics have the opportunity to win the competition. Utilization of e-commerce and digital platforms reduces distribution costs and speeds up the sales process. In addition, collaboration between international companies can strengthen distribution networks and reach consumers more effectively. Product innovation is the key to competing in international markets. By prioritizing research and development, companies can create unique products that meet the needs of consumers in various regions. This approach not only increases competitiveness but also creates broad expansion potential. Finally, sustainability is an important concern in international trade. With increasing awareness of environmental issues, companies are required to adopt environmentally friendly business practices. This creates new opportunities in the green sector, where businesses that innovate environmentally friendly products and services can attract the interest of global consumers. By taking advantage of existing opportunities while overcoming challenges, companies can improve their position in international markets. Success in international trade in the era of globalization is not only determined by the ability to adapt but also the desire to face risks and relentless innovation.