A UN resolution is a formal expression of the views or will of a UN body. It follows a specific, relatively strict format and is adopted after a lengthy process of consultation and negotiation. Resolutions are non-binding towards member states, but they often carry significant political weight. Resolutions and decisions may also be passed by UN sub-bodies.
Resolutions are often used to foster negotiations, impose sanctions, or authorize the use of force. The five permanent members of the Security Council—China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom (UK), and the US—have veto power. Critics argue that the veto empowers these countries to block any resolution that threatens their own geopolitical interests and has inhibited the effectiveness of the Security Council in recent years.
In addition to resolutions, the Security Council often adopts presidential statements. The latter are meant to apply political pressure—a signal that further action is likely. Unlike resolutions, presidential statements do not have any legal authority and are therefore non-binding.